Americans knew very well for both. #1 Food is not expired but was/is well known tactical scam from Putin to his soldiers and #2 USA knew all about secret ammunition already back in 2017 if not even
2015. Secret ammunition given to Russia by USA used yet as an another excuse to not get involved in defense of Ukraine - used to keep NATO camping on borders of defenseless Ukraine. From LALALALA https://news.yahoo.com/decoy-darts-russia-secret-weapon-154520604.html
Decoy darts: How Russia’s secret weapons fooled Ukraine and left civilians dying in their wake
4 min read
A soldier with a Russian dummy missile
Russian missiles targeting civilian areas are using previously unseen technology to ensure they reach their targets.
Moscow is deploying specially designed decoy systems not used in previous conflicts, according to US intelligence officials.
Ukrainian air defence systems have struggled to deal with Russia’s short-range ballistic missiles, thought to be responsible for many of the civilian casualties in Kyiv and Kharkiv.
Intelligence officials in the US said that Moscow’s Iskander-M missiles, thought to be fired from mobile launchers in Belarus and Russia, are deploying the decoy systems to fool Ukraine’s air defence systems.
Images of dart-shaped munitions, found in many areas of Ukraine, started circulating on social media a few days into Vladimir Putin’s war.
The munitions were initially thought to be cluster bombs, based on their size and shape. Metal fins on the side, which aid stability in flight, further added to the idea they were miniature weapons.
Russia keeping darts off the West’s hands
One of the decoys used by Russia
Social media images of dart-shaped munitions
However, weapons experts now believe that the objects are decoys that Russia has refused to sell to foreign nations as part of the Iskander system, so they would not be discovered and reverse-engineered by Western nations.
The darts are designed to protect the ballistic rockets from air defence missiles that home in on their target with heat-seeking or radar technology. The decoys are fired with the main missile and released mid-flight to confuse air-defence systems.
Each of the small decoys contain electronics to send out radio signals to make Ukrainian radar-seeking missiles think the decoy is actually the main weapon.
This will draw any missiles fired from defenders on the ground away from the Iskanders.
If that fails, the radio pulses could be enough to jam the signal from any ground-based radars scanning for the Russian missiles to such a degree that any rockets sent up to intercept the weapons are not given accurate information and fail to hit the Iskanders.
Intense heat sources in the base of the decoy rounds also emit powerful thermal signatures – thought to be by burning magnesium – which will attract heat-seeking missiles.
Richard Stevens, a former British Army bomb disposal expert, said he had never seen anything like the decoys. He told The New York Times: “No one has had the opportunity to see this.”
The devices were each about a foot long and coloured white with an orange tail, an American intelligence official said.
Iskander missiles, in service since 2006 with Russia, Algeria and Armenia, are powered by solid-fuel rocket motors.
Those in service with the Russian military can hit targets up to 500km (311 miles) away, but Moscow has limited the range of the export version to about half that.
Each mobile launcher can fire two missiles before it must be reloaded. As well as containing high-explosive or cluster munitions, each warhead can be fitted with earth-penetrators to enable the missile to target underground command bunkers without detonating as soon as it hits the ground.
Iskander missiles can also fire thermobaric rounds, used to destroy buildings or bunker complexes by sucking in and heating oxygen to increase the explosive blast.
At least two TOS-1 “Buratino” thermobaric weapons have been seen in Ukraine, although these were on tracked vehicles, rather than missiles.
Echoes of Cold War decoys
Iskander-M missiles - Maxim Shipenkov/EPA-EFE/Shutterstock
The US intelligence official said that the darts found in Ukraine were similar to Cold War decoys called “penetration aids”.
Fitted to nuclear warheads since the Seventies, these decoys were designed to allow the weapons to evade anti-missile systems so the individual warheads could reach their targets.
Prof Jeffrey Lewis, a non-proliferation expert at the Middlebury Institute of International Studies in Monterey, California, said: “The minute people came up with missiles, people started trying to shoot them down, and the minute people started trying to shoot them down, people started thinking about penetration aids.
“We never see them because they’re highly secret. If you know how they work, you can counteract them.”
It is thought Russia has restricted the sale of the decoys so as to ensure they cannot fall into the hands of Western nations.
Prof Lewis said that employing the decoys suggests “carelessness or urgency” by the Russian military leadership, given that Moscow knows they will inevitably be collected and studied by Western intelligence services.
Nato would want to examine the devices in order to design countermeasures to defeat the decoys, should the alliance ever be targeted by Iskander missiles.
A soldier with a Russian dummy missile
Russian missiles targeting civilian areas are using previously unseen technology to ensure they reach their targets.
Moscow is deploying specially designed decoy systems not used in previous conflicts, according to US intelligence officials.
Ukrainian air defence systems have struggled to deal with Russia’s short-range ballistic missiles, thought to be responsible for many of the civilian casualties in Kyiv and Kharkiv.
Intelligence officials in the US said that Moscow’s Iskander-M missiles, thought to be fired from mobile launchers in Belarus and Russia, are deploying the decoy systems to fool Ukraine’s air defence systems.
Images of dart-shaped munitions, found in many areas of Ukraine, started circulating on social media a few days into Vladimir Putin’s war.
The munitions were initially thought to be cluster bombs, based on their size and shape. Metal fins on the side, which aid stability in flight, further added to the idea they were miniature weapons.
Russia keeping darts off the West’s hands
One of the decoys used by Russia
Social media images of dart-shaped munitions
However, weapons experts now believe that the objects are decoys that Russia has refused to sell to foreign nations as part of the Iskander system, so they would not be discovered and reverse-engineered by Western nations.
The darts are designed to protect the ballistic rockets from air defence missiles that home in on their target with heat-seeking or radar technology. The decoys are fired with the main missile and released mid-flight to confuse air-defence systems.
Each of the small decoys contain electronics to send out radio signals to make Ukrainian radar-seeking missiles think the decoy is actually the main weapon.
This will draw any missiles fired from defenders on the ground away from the Iskanders.
If that fails, the radio pulses could be enough to jam the signal from any ground-based radars scanning for the Russian missiles to such a degree that any rockets sent up to intercept the weapons are not given accurate information and fail to hit the Iskanders.
Intense heat sources in the base of the decoy rounds also emit powerful thermal signatures – thought to be by burning magnesium – which will attract heat-seeking missiles.
Richard Stevens, a former British Army bomb disposal expert, said he had never seen anything like the decoys. He told The New York Times: “No one has had the opportunity to see this.”
The devices were each about a foot long and coloured white with an orange tail, an American intelligence official said.
Iskander missiles, in service since 2006 with Russia, Algeria and Armenia, are powered by solid-fuel rocket motors.
Those in service with the Russian military can hit targets up to 500km (311 miles) away, but Moscow has limited the range of the export version to about half that.
Each mobile launcher can fire two missiles before it must be reloaded. As well as containing high-explosive or cluster munitions, each warhead can be fitted with earth-penetrators to enable the missile to target underground command bunkers without detonating as soon as it hits the ground.
Iskander missiles can also fire thermobaric rounds, used to destroy buildings or bunker complexes by sucking in and heating oxygen to increase the explosive blast.
At least two TOS-1 “Buratino” thermobaric weapons have been seen in Ukraine, although these were on tracked vehicles, rather than missiles.
Echoes of Cold War decoys
Iskander-M missiles - Maxim Shipenkov/EPA-EFE/Shutterstock
The US intelligence official said that the darts found in Ukraine were similar to Cold War decoys called “penetration aids”.
Fitted to nuclear warheads since the Seventies, these decoys were designed to allow the weapons to evade anti-missile systems so the individual warheads could reach their targets.
Prof Jeffrey Lewis, a non-proliferation expert at the Middlebury Institute of International Studies in Monterey, California, said: “The minute people came up with missiles, people started trying to shoot them down, and the minute people started trying to shoot them down, people started thinking about penetration aids.
“We never see them because they’re highly secret. If you know how they work, you can counteract them.”
It is thought Russia has restricted the sale of the decoys so as to ensure they cannot fall into the hands of Western nations.
Prof Lewis said that employing the decoys suggests “carelessness or urgency” by the Russian military leadership, given that Moscow knows they will inevitably be collected and studied by Western intelligence services.
Nato would want to examine the devices in order to design countermeasures to defeat the decoys, should the alliance ever be targeted by Iskander missiles.
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